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What is the IMV?
The IMV is a social benefit designed to protect individuals and households from poverty and social exclusion. It supports people who either live alone or are part of a household but do not have enough income to meet basic living needs.
The IMV is intended to reduce poverty in Spain, and the criteria to access the benefit are very strict. It provides help for people with low incomes.
The IMV is a non-contributory benefit of the Spanish Social Security that guarantees a minimum income to those who need it. It is defined as a “citizen’s subjective right”, meaning that it is the citizen who must request or exercise his/her right to receive this benefit. It can be requested as an individual or as a family unit (the request must be signed by all adult members of the family) that suffer from a situation of vulnerability (domestic violence, single-parent families) and/or have a very low level of income.
The IMV is calculated by taking into account the difference between the real income of the individual (or the family unit) and the minimum wage guaranteed in each case, as defined by the IMV threshold.
The person requesting IMV must be at least 23 years old, (or 18 years old if they are dependent minors), and not be a beneficiary of a contributory or non-contributory retirement or permanent disability pension.
The current rates for IMV can be found here.
Requirements:
The basic criteria to request the IMV are that all beneficiaries must:
have Spain as their legal residence.
be registered in the unemployment registry, if not working.
have no more income than the total IMV minus 10 euros, taking into account family members to calculate this amount.
in addition, single adults that request the IMV must have been living alone for the past 3 years, with at least 12 months within that period with affiliation to Social Security.
You can use the "Minimum Vital Income Simulator" here to check whether you qualify for the IMV and to find out the approximate amount you may be entitled to.
To make an application, access the process here.
If you do not have a digital certificate , username and password or Cl@ve, you can apply for the IMV through the "Ingreso Mínimo Vital. Sin certificado" here.
You can also access answers to the most frequently asked questions about this benefit here and full information on the most important aspects of its legal regulation can be found here.
There is an information number on minimum living income. Tel: 900 20 22 22.
Applications for the IMV for persons residing in the Basque Country must only be submitted through the service without a digital certificate as above.
If you would like to apply for a digital certificate, see our guide here.
Child Support Supplement:
Apply at the INSS at imv.seg-social.es for cohabitation units that include minors among their members and meet all the necessary requirements for the granting of the minimum living income.
If you are entitled to the IMV, the supplement will be paid together with the benefit and you do not have to make a separate application.
Use the same application form if you are only entitled to the Child Support Supplement.
What next?
Once the process has been completed, you will receive a “proof of receipt” in PDF format with the assigned electronic register number.
If you do not receive the confirmation message or you receive an error or transmission failure message, you must submit the documentation at another time or through other means.
The INSS will send the resolution of the application to the applicant’s address within a maximum of six months.
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